This day in history

In his first visit to Ireland, Pope John Paul II addresses a crowd of more than one million in Dublin and makes an impassioned plea for an end to violence between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland.

In 1978, Pope John Paul II, born as Karol Wojtyla in Wadowice, Poland, became the first Polish pope in history and the first non-Italian pope in 456 years. Fluent in seven modern languages and Latin, the pope fully embraced his role as ambassador of the Roman Catholic Church and travelled more extensively than any other pope in history.

Known for his staunch anti-communism, the Pope was an outspoken supporter of democratic movements in his native Poland and elsewhere during the 1980s. He survived being shot in an assassination attempt in 1981 and died from a heart condition aged 84 in April 2005.

Stacy Allison becomes the first American women to successfully climb Mount Everest.

Japan and China re-establish diplomatic relations.

Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev voices his disapproval of the UN handling of the troubles in the Congo, making several interruptions during the course of a UN debate on the issue in New York.

The Babi Yar massacre of nearly 34,000 Jewish men, women and children is carried out by the SS on the outskirts of Kiev in the Nazi-occupied Ukraine.

British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, French Prime Minister Edouard Daladier, Italian leader Benito Mussolini and German leader Adolf Hitler sign the Munich Agreement, ceding the Sudetenland to Germany.